Captive-Bred Orchid Dottyback (Pseudochromis fridmani)

Introduction to Saltwater Dottybacks

Dottybacks are bold, colorful, and highly intelligent reef fish, known for their territorial nature and striking coloration. Native to coral reefs in the Indo-Pacific and Red Sea, these fish spend much of their time darting between rock crevices, making them an excellent choice for aquariums with plenty of rockwork. While small in size, dottybacks have big personalities and can be aggressive toward similar-sized fish, making careful tankmate selection essential. Their hardiness, adaptability, and vibrant colors make them a popular choice for experienced aquarists looking for a unique addition to their tank.

Care Requirements

Care Level: Easy to Moderate Minimum Tank Size: 30 – 50+ gallons Smaller species (e.g., Orchid Dottyback) – 30 gallons Larger or more aggressive species (e.g., Neon Dottyback) – 50+ gallons Aquarium Setup: Requires plenty of caves and hiding spots to reduce stress and establish territory.

Diet & Nutrition

Dottybacks are carnivorous and thrive on a protein-rich diet. They are voracious eaters that readily accept prepared foods. Diet: Carnivorous – Prefers meaty foods

Recommended Foods:

Mysis shrimp, brine shrimp, and plankton High-quality marine pellets and flakes Small chopped seafood (squid, fish, or shrimp) Live blackworms or amphipods for enrichment Feeding once or twice daily ensures consistent energy levels and vibrant coloration.

Lifespan & Growth Rate

Lifespan: 5-7+ years Growth Rate: Moderate – Most species grow to 2-4 inches Dottybacks are long-lived for their size and require a stable, stress-free environment to reach their full lifespan.

Temperament & Compatibility

Temperament: Semi-Aggressive to Aggressive – Can be territorial, especially in smaller tanks Reef Safe? Yes, but may prey on small shrimp or tiny fish Dottybacks are highly territorial and may harass timid fish or chase similar-looking species. To ensure compatibility: Best kept alone or in a carefully planned community tank. Avoid housing with other dottybacks, basslets, or similar semi-aggressive fish in small tanks. Compatible with tangs, wrasses, and larger peaceful fish that won’t be intimidated by their feisty nature.

Common Challenges & Considerations

Aggressive Behavior: Can be territorial, especially in smaller tanks with limited hiding spots. Preying on Small Invertebrates: Some species may hunt small shrimp or nano fish if given the chance. Jumping Risk: Known to jump when startled, so a secure lid is recommended. Water Conditions Temperature: 74-80°F dKH (Alkalinity): 8-12 pH: 8.1-8.4 Specific Gravity: 1.020-1.025 Dottybacks are hardy and adaptable, but they thrive in stable, well-maintained reef environments.

Color Varieties & Popular Species

Dottybacks are available in a wide range of vibrant colors, making them eye-catching additions to saltwater aquariums. Some of the most popular species include: Orchid Dottyback (Pseudochromis fridmani) – Peaceful compared to others, featuring a deep purple body with an elegant shape Neon Dottyback (Pseudochromis aldabraensis) – Bold yellow-orange body with an electric blue stripe Bicolor Dottyback (Pseudochromis paccagnellae) – Half purple, half yellow, known for its territorial nature Strawberry Dottyback (Pseudochromis porphyreus) – Vibrant pinkish-red body, a striking choice for reef tanks